The uptake of 68Ga-Dotatate reflects the level of somatostatin receptor density in neuroendocrine tumors. 68Ga-Dotatate, a positron emitting analogue of somatostatin, works by binding to such receptors. Neuroendocrine tumors have receptors for somatostatin, a hormone that regulates the endocrine system. The tumors develop in the hormone-producing cells of the body’s neuroendocrine system, and are located in organs such as the stomach, intestines, pancreas, and lungs. Neuroendocrine tumors are malignant and benign tumors that affect an estimated 47,300 individuals in Europe and the United States each year. The commercial product, a single dose kit for the preparation of a 68Ga-Dotatate injection manufactured by Advanced Accelerator Applications of Saint Genis-Pouilly, France, has been given the market name NETSPOT ™. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of gallium 68Ga-Dotatate, a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to locate somostatin receptor positive neuroendocrine tumors in adult and pediatric patients.
Images are taken 4 hours after injection with the radiotracer, again 24 hour later, and possibly 48 hours after the injection.
The tracer finds neuroendocrine cells that have receptors for somatostatin, a growth hormone, causing them to appear on images taken with a gamma camera. Octreoscan (somatostatin receptor scintigraphy) uses a radioactive tracer called In-octeotride.However, because many neuroendocrine tumors grow slowly, they do not consume the glucose very quickly and may not appear distinctly bright. Active cells take up more of the glucose and appear brighter on the scan. First, you would receive an injection of a radiolabeled glucose solution. Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is often used to depict active cancer cells.NetSpot® Scan (gallium-68 dotatate) is the latest imaging innovation that uses a radiotracer agent instead of glucose for a positron emission tomography (PET) scan and can detect small lesions and early-stage NETs significantly better than other imaging.Imaging tests such as CT, MRI, echocardiogram, endoscopic ultrasound, bronchoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy.
Biochemical tests to measure certain substances and hormones.Urine tests to assess kidney function and 5-HIAA biomarker.Blood tests such as a complete blood count (CBC) and comprehensive metabolic panel.Many carcinoid tumors are discovered incidentally during gastrointestinal surgery.Īrriving at a definitive diagnosis may require several types of tests and the expertise of several different specialists. About half of NETs are not properly diagnosed until later stages when the cancer has spread to other areas. Unfortunately, as a rare cancer, NETs are commonly misdiagnosed as another condition.
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